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There are translated books that are quickly forgotten. There are also those that remain in our consciousness, create new worlds before us and permanently captivate us. These notes will try to explain a charm, so fresh and so beautiful, so strong and so bright - the charm of Halldor Laxness, the great Icelandic writer, creator of "Independent People". In 1902, a boy was born in Reykjavik. He showed great talents and for many years bumped into the stone walls of many philosophies and faiths, until one day he went out into the wide field - facing the dark North Sea and the Icelandic wilderness. Before that, the boy had traveled many countries, stared in awe at the centuries-old monuments of civilization, denied his impenetrably backward homeland, only to return one day and discover the famous skald Egil Skalagrimsson, to fall in love with sagas and legends, to see the harsh face of the harsh truths of life and experience the divine thirst to transform them into art. The boy had already become a man, and abroad he had come to love his homeland, because he had seen it in its true dimensions and magnitude. And a man can say with a firm, confident voice The people slept in the mountains, inhabited by fairy creatures and elves, and in this virgin land, where every valley reminds of our history, every wilderness is a symbol of our innermost feelings, we live today as if reborn children of nature, gifted with sincerity who speak in a divine language, and above us the morning sky dissolves, predictions and signs burn in the forest... In the most remote places lives an unwavering striving for spiritual development. In the present generation there is no sense of satisfaction, this plague bacillus of stupidity in stagnation. Everything is in ferment. People want a deeper, richer spiritual life. In every young Icelandic heart lives a joyful foreboding

The great revolutions have carried on their banner: Freedom and Equality! The S in the rim is also expressed as a spiritual principle. In the impenetrable darkness of slavery and oppression, freedom has acted as the main driving force. Equality, although more attainable, has marched in the footsteps of freedom. We will not speak of brotherhood, because it, suppressed between the two concepts, is a consequence - either attainable or not! ... The centuries will have to establish it!

The brothers Cyril and Methodius created the Slavic alphabet and became immortal. And some authors write thousands of pages with the same alphabet and no one remembers them after their death.

I start with the last question, because I think it is very important. Is there a difference between intimate and civic poetry? As much as we would like not to see a difference, it does exist. I do not agree that every poem that is imbued with intimacy should be called intimate poetry. In "Fight" and "Farewell," Hristo Botev is intimate, but hardly anyone would dare to include these poems in intimate poetry. When we talk about intimate poetry, we mean that poetry that is born in the sphere of personal relationships. Mother and beloved, relatives and acquaintances, friends and comrades - these are the ones who cause intimate excitement in us. For all their significance, they do not affect other people or society. Perhaps I will be clearer if I cite as an example the poem dedicated to A. P. Kern by Pushkin. It is addressed only to her and to no one else. Here the world is closed between two people. Civic poetry is something else. When Pushkin wrote "To the Slanderers of Russia," he was not thinking only of his beloved, or even of his narrow circle of friends and acquaintances, but of all the people of Russia, of the entire nation, of the state, and of his fatherland.