Историческата

The Declaration of the Representatives of the Communist and Workers' Parties and the Address to the Peoples of the World, discussed and adopted at the November Conference in Moscow and published in the press of all countries, are two historical documents that have excited the honest and peace-loving people of the five continents of the globe. With their analysis of the historical moment in which we live, they illuminate the path of humanity in our era and point out the most important problems facing it for solution, presenting a developed program for the fulfillment of the most human duty: eliminating the danger of a new, terrible war. As the vanguard in the development of humanity, communists from all over the world can best understand this model of creative Marxism-Leninism. The wisdom of the documents enriches their understanding of contemporary reality; the tasks set are close to them, and in their fulfillment they see the meaning of their lives. Clarity of the situation has always been a primary ally for communists, and decisiveness of action is measured by the magnitude of the task set. The statement speaks definitely of the historical mission of communists: "Communists see their historical mission not only in eliminating exploitation and misery on a world scale and forever excluding from the life of human society the possibility of any war, but even in the modern era to deliver humanity from the nightmare of a new world war. The communist parties of all countries will devote all their strength and energy to the realization of this great historical mission."

Despite the "conspiracy of silence" towards Marxism on the part of official bourgeois science, in the middle of the last century it was already a respectable reality. But his aesthetic theory was "rediscovered" only in the 1930s-1940s by Soviet scientists. This temporarily limited the perimeter of its impact on world aesthetic thought; slowed down the formation of Marxist aesthetics; exacerbated the international controversy over the theoretical significance of Marx's aesthetic concept. And the prejudices towards it, the doubts about its very existence and even about the possibility of building aesthetics on the principles of historical materialism, are more peripheral than the traditional bourgeois skepticism towards Marxism as a whole. At first glance, the late discovery of Marx's aesthetic heritage is a simple anomaly. In fact, a complex of reasons of a scientific, social, ideological, aesthetic and bibliographic nature intersect here. Together, they determine the unique fate of this heritage. Their study is the subject of this article.

Our historical fiction underwent qualitative and quantitative changes after the people's victory on September 9, 1944. It became a leading genre in our contemporary literature and rose to previously unknown heights. Following the sound realistic traditions, carried out by such masters of the artistic word as Ivan Vazov, Zahari Stoyanov and Stoyan Zagorchinov, contemporary authors of historical works assess and make sense of the past through their contemporary understandings, seek in it similarities with our time, fight for the complete triumph of socialist ideals. The development of the historical theme throughout the entire twenty-five-year period yielded rich and fruitful results, and for this, of course, there are profound objective-historical and aesthetic-literary reasons. The new time imposed the need for a new, Marxist reassessment of the historical past, especially of the recent revolutionary events. Thus were born some of the most significant works of our contemporary literature: the historical tetralogy of Dimitar Talev, "Ordinary People" by Georgi Karaslavov, "Ivan Kondarev" by Emilian Stanev... all large, widely developed reflections of life that summarize the panorama of a given historical era, introduce its regularities, trace the trends of social development through the development of bright individual human destinies and deeply dramatic life situations, and solve contemporary ideological-educational and literary-aesthetic tasks. It is in this area of ​​our fiction that the artistic achievements, achieved thanks to the unlimited possibilities that the method of socialist realism provides to contemporary artists, are most obvious. They possess the surest compass for penetrating the dark depths of the past, for understanding the hidden meaning of historical events: a harmonious and vital philosophical system that organizes and interprets the artistic material, spiritualizing it with deep contemporary thought. At no other time have Bulgarian authors of historical works been so close to the tasks of today, to the spiritual needs of modern man. In no other period of the development of Bulgarian literary prose have so many and so significant works on historical themes been created. It is difficult to outline even the most cursory individual characteristics of the galaxy of historical contemporary authors, to reveal the originality of their writings, of the original interpretation of historical events and characters - so rich is their diversity.