психологията

The psychology of artistic creation in general and of literary creation in particular is a field that has been relatively least developed by Marxist-Leninist art science. Until recently, in the Soviet Union, the country where Marxist-Leninist aesthetics and literary theory were mainly created, almost nothing was written about the problems of the psychology of literary creation. Moreover, for a long time these problems were not posed as tasks for scientific research. This circumstance could not but create a certain void in the science of literary creation and, in particular, in the theory of literature. The lag in this respect becomes even more obvious when we consider that bourgeois science pays great attention to the psychology of artistic creation and it is in this area that it has created the most complex labyrinth of groundless philosophical speculations. Of course, it would be wrong to say that Soviet literary studies have done nothing to clarify the problems of the psychology of literary creation. Such a statement would be incorrect. Even for pre-revolutionary Russian literary studies, these questions were of considerable interest. It is enough to mention the collections "Questions of the Theory and Psychology of Creativity", published under the reaction of B. Lezin from 1907 to 1923 in Kharkov, and the wide range of problems covered in them, to convince ourselves of the truth of this statement. These collections, as well as individual books, for example, works such as those by S. Gruzenberg (Psychology of Creativity, Minsk, 1923 and "Genius and Creativity" 1924), clearly show that even then the mentioned problems, regardless of the erroneous methodological foundations on which they were placed, were understood as an important part of the general science of literature.

The poetic legacy of Pencho Slaveykov is a fruitful topic for the study of the creative process. To clarify the psychic functions of Slaveykov's poetic personality in view of the artistic text, letters, documents, memories, etc. - this is one of the main problems facing our literary critics. These functions determine the main psychic units of his creative system, they clarify the psychomotorics of the poet, his creative psychogram. The explanation of Slaveykov's poetic work cannot be achieved only within the framework of the most general findings and with the means of a terminology, in whose basic linguistic structures-definitions in most cases there is not enough scientific content. The poet's creative system, explained in a number of studies and articles, needs, in my opinion, a revision.