революционерки

On May 10 this year, the Section of Slavic and Western European Literatures reviewed the work of Wanda Smohovska-Petrova "Two Images of Revolutionary Mothers and the Relationship Between Them". (T. T. Yezh "At Dawn" and "Mother" by M. Gorky). In his review of the work under review, Ivan Tsvetko pointed out that the author had focused her attention on a very interesting and previously unasked question. To prove her thesis, she cited all the known material. Smohovska points out that Gorky knew the novel "At Dawn", at the center of which the popular Polish writer of his time, Teodor Tomasz Yezh (Zygmund Milkowski), placed the image of a Bulgarian mother-heroine, created by him based on impressions of grandmother Tonka Obretenova. Pointing to Gorky's review of Yezh's book from 1899, Smokhovskaya finds a number of analogous situations in the process of inner growth in Gorky's and Yezh's heroines. The revolutionization of the consciousness of both women transforms, changes their emotional life. The author notes that the inner changes in them arise in the same way - they begin in both cases under the influence of their sons. Maternal love turns out to be the conductor through which the first sparks of revolutionary truth pass for them. The reviewer pointed out that analyzing the inner development of Two Images, Smokhovskaya does not show the slightest tendency to simplify or coarsen the problem posed. On the contrary, she sees it in its complexity and multifacetedness. Taking into account the essential differences between the two writers, the author only suggests that the image of Yezhov's grandmother Mokra could not fail to impress an artist like Gorky, and perhaps it was he who gave the first impetus, the first impulse for the great proletarian artist to place at the center of his novel precisely a mother who becomes a revolutionary under the influence of her son, that "in the crowded line of Russian women-mothers and revolutionaries - prototypes of Gorky's mother, headed by Anna Kirilova Zolomova", Yezhov's grandmother Mokra also occupies a peculiar, special place, whose prototype is the Bulgarian revolutionary grandmother Tonka. Smokhovska, of course, takes into account both the different ideological content and the different generalizing power of the two images. Whenever necessary, she draws attention to the fact that while Yezh is fighting against national slavery, Gorky is talking about the social liberation of the working class and the working people from the yoke of capitalism. Pointing out that the issue under consideration in Smohovska is posed quite legitimately and completely scientifically, Ivan Tsvetkov drew attention to some corrections and improvements to the work. In his opinion, one should consider whether such a detailed presentation of the image of Grandma Mokra is necessary. He also made a proposal to more specifically connect the assessment of "Mother" with Lenin's statement about the novel and to emphasize even more the expansive meaning of the image in Gorky.