историческо

Even Marx and Engels believed that the "future" proletarian literature would appear as an organic "complete fusion of great depth, conscious historical meaning" with Shakespearean liveliness and effectiveness" of artistic depiction. This is how they imagined the essence of proletarian verbal art, which for several decades now we have been calling the literature of socialist realism. In fact, through these and similar formulations, the founders of Marxist aesthetics noted two main features of proletarian literary art: first, its deeper and qualitatively new historicity in comparison with the art of past societies and second, its ability and historical obligation to start in its artistic searches from the highest ("Shakespearean") creative achievements of the universal human genius.

The current stage of the development of Bulgarian literary studies is characterized by the awareness of the ever-growing need to specify the methodology, to build a secure basis for a private and general theoretical interpretation of the artistic facts, in order to be able to cope with all possible deviations from scientific truth, accumulated by both vulgar sociology and subjectivist criticism, which in a number of its manifestations demonstrates its militant anti-scientificity. By the way, there is one aspect in which subjectivism and vulgar sociology converge as much as possible: along with the claim to the indisputability of their assessments, the representatives of both directions showed disregard for the specificity of the work of art. This found expression in the arbitrary interpretation of the text, in a misunderstanding (underestimation and overestimation) of its structural features, and hence - underestimation of the function and semantics of both the whole and its elements.